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VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide
Immune
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Category
Immune
Evidence grade
C
PubMed records
13,507
Female-tagged
3,814
Sex-analysis
24
CAS
—
C
Evidence grade C, Early human data only (Phase 1 / small-n) across 13507 indexed studies. How grades work →
Female evidence: Extrapolated
VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide): of 13,507 PubMed records, 3,814 are tagged as including female subjects and 24 carry a sex-analysis tag.Counts reflect PubMed records as of 2026-07-21. “Female” uses the Female MeSH filter and “sex-analysis” the Sex Factors MeSH filter, automated proxies pending manual study-level review. Methodology →

Overview

VIP, or vasoactive intestinal peptide, is a neuropeptide with broad signaling roles across the nervous, immune, and vascular systems. Its widespread receptor distribution and involvement in multiple physiological axes make it a well-studied tool compound in neuro-immune and neuroendocrine research.

In preclinical research, VIP has been studied for its interactions with the VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors and downstream cAMP signaling, and for its modeled roles in immune-modulation, vasodilation, and circadian and neuroendocrine pathways. Investigators examining how a single neuropeptide coordinates across systems have used it as a research material to probe these mechanisms.

What makes VIP a useful catalog entry is the breadth of pathways in which it participates, from immune regulation to circadian signaling. Whether these mechanisms translate to female physiology remains an open research question; our evidence review tracks how many of the underlying studies included women.

Summary

VIP is an endogenous neuropeptide with broad roles in vasodilation, secretion, and immune regulation, studied extensively as a signaling molecule. Its synthetic therapeutic form (aviptadil) has been investigated in conditions such as ARDS and sarcoidosis with mixed results; human data are not analyzed for female-specific outcomes.

Evidence in women

Menstrual cycle
Unstudied
No study examined administered VIP across the menstrual cycle.
Pregnancy & lactation
Unstudied
No adequate pregnancy or lactation safety data for therapeutic VIP.
Hormonal interactions
Unstudied
No controlled data on reproductive- or thyroid-hormone interactions.
Perimenopause & menopause
Unstudied
No perimenopause- or menopause-specific analyses.
Sex differences
Unstudied
The large VIP literature includes women, but controlled therapeutic studies did not analyze outcomes by sex.

Mechanism

Activates VPAC1/VPAC2 receptors to relax smooth muscle, stimulate secretion, and modulate immune and inflammatory signaling.

Reported dosing & routes

◐

We don't give dosing or medical advice. The figures below describe what was used in published research, not a recommendation. Decide with your clinician.

Reported range (literature)Aviptadil was studied by intravenous and inhaled routes in trials; no established therapeutic dose.
Routesintravenous, inhaled
Female-specific dosingNot established

Contraindications: hypotension (potent vasodilator)

Side effects

Reported in the research literature. Sex-specific incidence has not been separately analysed in the available records.

flushinglow blood pressurediarrhea

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) reconstitution calculator

Enter this vial's amount, the bacteriostatic water you add, and a target amount to get the concentration and the U-100 syringe units to draw. Handling arithmetic for research use, not a dose recommendation.

Reconstitution

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Draw for VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)

5
units on a U-100 insulin syringe
020406080100
U-100 insulin syringe — 1 mL = 100 units
That's 0.05 mL drawn to the 5-unit mark.
Concentration5 mg/mL (5,000 mcg/mL)
Volume to draw0.05 mL
Doses per vial40

Reference chart at 5 mg/mL

Target amountVolume (mL)U-100 units
100 mcg0.02 mL2
250 mcg0.05 mL5
500 mcg0.1 mL10
750 mcg0.15 mL15
1000 mcg0.2 mL20

Research-use arithmetic only. This tool converts a vial amount, diluent volume, and a target amount into a concentration and syringe draw for laboratory handling. It is not dosing guidance, a recommendation, or a claim of safety or efficacy, and it does not account for overfill, dead space, or peptide purity. Nothing here is medical advice. “U-100” means 100 units = 1 mL; confirm your syringe graduation before measuring. See the reconstitution & storage handbook for handling detail.

Frequently asked questions

Answers drawn only from VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)'s research facts and, where reviewed, its sex-disaggregated evidence. Nothing here is medical advice, dosing, or a claim of safety or efficacy.

What is VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)?

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide), also known as Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, is a research compound in our immune category. VIP is an endogenous neuropeptide with broad roles in vasodilation, secretion, and immune regulation, studied extensively as a signaling molecule.

Is VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) studied in women?

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide): of 13,507 PubMed records, 3,814 are tagged as including female subjects and 24 carry a sex-analysis tag. We grade this extrapolated: women appear in the record, but no study is tagged for a sex-specific analysis, so female-relevant conclusions are inferred from mixed or male data rather than measured in women. See our methodology.

Has VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) been studied during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Unstudied. No adequate pregnancy or lactation safety data for therapeutic VIP. This is not a safety clearance or a recommendation. Vera, our research chat, deliberately hard-stops on pregnancy, breastfeeding, and trying-to-conceive questions rather than answer them.

What evidence grade does VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) have, and why?

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) carries evidence grade C. Early human data only (Phase 1 / small-n) across 13507 indexed studies.. Grades are derived from the research record, never hand-assigned; see how grades work.

Is there a female-specific dose for VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)?

No. A female-specific dose for VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) is not established, and this site does not provide dosing or medical advice. Any figures we show describe what published research used, not a recommendation. Decide anything about use with a qualified clinician.

How is VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) administered in research?

In the published literature, VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) is administered via intravenous, inhaled. Reported dose ranges on the Dosing tab describe what studies used for laboratory research, not a protocol for people. We don't provide dosing.

What side effects have been reported for VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)?

Effects reported in the research literature include flushing, low blood pressure, diarrhea. Sex-specific incidence has not been separately analysed in the available records, so these are not broken out for women.

How should VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) be stored and handled?

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) sold for research is supplied as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Lyophilized peptides are generally kept cold and dry, at roughly -20°C for longer-term storage and 2-8°C short-term, protected from light. Once reconstituted they are typically refrigerated and used within a short window, avoiding repeated freeze-thaw cycles. This is general laboratory handling for research use only, not a directive for human use. Always follow the handling and purity details on the product's Certificate of Analysis.

Where can I buy VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) for research?

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) is not currently listed by our research-use partner, Aurevena Research, but their catalog carries related compounds. Code research15 applies 15% off. We may earn a commission when you purchase through this link, at no extra cost to you. Products are for laboratory research use only.

Browse the Aurevena catalog
Research-use supplier: VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) isn't currently listed by our research-use vendor. Their catalog carries related compounds. Code research15 for 15% off, applied automatically at checkout. We may earn a commission when you purchase through this link, at no extra cost to you. Products are for laboratory research use only.
Browse the catalog →

Citations (PMID)

26702849 · 25905195

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Educational information for laboratory and research use only. Not medical advice, a recommendation, or a claim of safety or efficacy; no personal dosing. “Unstudied” means no qualifying study was found, not that a compound is safe or unsafe.